Mo PaiArchive
Cover of Foundations of Internal Alchemy: The Taoist Practice of Neidan by Wang Mu, translated by Fabrizio Pregadio

The classical background

Foundations of Internal Alchemy: The Taoist Practice of Neidan

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Why it is on this list

A modern Chinese master's systematic summary of the neidan process, stage by stage. The clearest published statement of the three refinements that Mo Pai's levels enumerate.

Related article: The Three Treasures: Jing, Qi, Shen

Also on the “The classical background” shelf

Cover of Taoist Yoga: Alchemy and Immortality by Lu K'uan Yü (Charles Luk)

Taoist Yoga: Alchemy and Immortality

The old standard English translation of a neidan manual. Read it beside the Mo Pai level descriptions and the borrowing is obvious: the gates, the circulations, the embryo, the spirit body, in the same order.

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Cover of The Taoist Body by Kristofer Schipper

The Taoist Body

A scholar who was also an ordained Taoist priest, writing on how the body is conceived in Taoist practice. The best correction to the assumption that qi talk is a clumsy attempt at physics.

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